Business Ownerships An Owner Of A Business - 1504 Words

Business Ownerships Anytime you start up a business or you take over another company there are multiple things you must do to get started. One of the major things one must do is decide on what type of ownership you want. There are many different types of business ownerships out there, but some will benefit you more than others. In this paper you will be learning about the difference two types of business ownerships you can have. The main point of the paper is to help someone that’s going to become an owner of a business be able to do what’s best for not only them, but also what will be best for the business. Sole trader ship and partnership are the two best ownership because they will benefit the owner and business more by going by what the company stands for. There are two main types of ownerships: sole trader ship and partnerships. Some may say that the only difference in the two are that the business is either ran by one single person or by two or more people, but in reality there is a big difference. For example, a sole trader ships could be a business like a market stalls, hairdressers or corner shops; partnerships could be a business like a solicitors firms and accounting firms. Also, while deciding which ownership is right for the business you have to look at the over view of what type of business you’re getting into. Sole trader ships only financial income is from the business and/or bank loans (types of business structures). Partnerships can receive largerShow MoreRelatedBusiness Types of Ownership993 Words   |  4 PagesBusiness Types of Ownership Before starting any venture it is very important to figure out how the organization is going to build its chain of command. Basically no business is made for short time and for this reason a very careful measurement should be done on ownership. Choosing the appropriate ownership in an organisation depends on nature of business, type of authority, delegation of work, span of organization, type of product, production and operation, legal procedure, financial matters andRead MoreIntroduction To Financial Management Essay1146 Words   |  5 Pageshow much value is attributable to goods and services and the basis of such attribution. Financial management may be defined as the management of the finances of a business or an organization in order to achieve the financial objectives. It includes creation, effective utilization of funds to ensure the smooth functioning of the business. It encompasses planning, administration and controlling. The various sub areas of finance are: 1. Investments – deals with deciding on what kinds of securities/bondsRead MoreTypes Of Business : A Sole Proprietorship Business1397 Words   |  6 Pagesdisadvantages of each type of business. A sole proprietorship business is a business that is usually owned and ran by one individual person. A sole proprietorship business has many advantages. The reason why a lot of people choose a sole proprietorship business is because they are their own boss. This type of business is the easiest business to start making it the most simple business to run. There are no legal documentation needed to start a sole proprietorship business. Since there is no need forRead MoreSummary of Chapter 4: Predictable Conflicts in the Intersections544 Words   |  3 Pagesreading, Chapter 4: Predictable Conflicts in the Intersections, discussed the dynamics of conflicts that exist within the family business as it relates to family, ownership, and management, which is also known as the three-circle m odel. This model derives from a breakdown of the two key elements of business, management and ownership. When the family is combined with business it is highly likely for paradoxes to stem from one of the three circles and the conflict becomes and paradoxes become more complexRead MoreThe Importance Of Corporate Finance For An Entrepreneur1602 Words   |  7 Pagesit plays in an organization regardless of the structure of a company, or stage of growth. The various forms of ownership are reviewed for startup companies and major corporations to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each form of ownership, and to illustrate the importance of corporate finance. To provide a balanced view of ownership, less common forms of business ownership are examined using the same criteria to further illustrate the importance of corporate finance. Read MoreBusiness Structure Of A Company1350 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Heidi Birmingham and James Roberts are interested in starting a business and in the process of deciding which business entity to declare. The duo already has completed two vital elements of starting a business which include developing a business plan and securing financing to cover business start-up costs. However, choosing an appropriate business structure is no easy task since it significantly impacts business formation, financial and tax accounting, and other legal processes. Ms. BirminghamRead MoreWhat Are The Four Types Of Utility And Provide An Illustration Of How Different Companies Employ Each Of Type895 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The goal of all business is to generate a profit, while satisfying the needs and wants of its customers. In order for a business to succeed in this endeavor, it must establish utility in its products and/or service. Utility is â€Å"the want satisfying power of a good or service† (Boone Kurtz, 2014, pg. 5) and takes shape in four distinct manners; form utility, time utility, place utility, and ownership/possession utility (Boone Kurtz, 2014). This essay will discuss each of the fourRead MoreTotal Cost Of Ownership Is The Purchase Price Of An Asset1082 Words   |  5 PagesCost of Ownership is the purchase price of an asset along with the costs to operate it. TCO started to become more known in the eighties when software and IT expenses started to be involved with maintain an asset. Purchasers and business owners realized there was a different in purchase price and the real cost of an asset purchase. When making purchasing decisions it is always best for the decision maker to look at the TCO and not just the initial cost of an asset. Total cost of ownership is alsoRead MoreOwnership Risks Assessment And Recommendation723 Words   |  3 PagesMEMORANDUM – A1 Ownership Structures To: Mike Jackson and Alan Prentice From: Elliot Chan Date: 15 September 2016 Subject: Ownership Risks Assessment and Recommendation I have received your invitation to invest in the bakery. Firsts offering a sale at $50,000 for purchase. We have to reform the business between 3 structures such as sole trader, partnership and a private company. After studying these ownership structures, I would like to give you my advice and hear from your considerationsRead MoreBenefits Of A Company s Limited Liability Corporation ( Llc )812 Words   |  4 Pagesusing this business structure our founding members are able to blend the advantages of a partnership with the advantages of a corporation. This form of business offers our founding members many of the benefits of a sole proprietorship/partnership while reducing the exposure to unlimited liability. Moreover, LLC’s offer many of the advantages of both the closely held forms of business (Sole Proprietorship, Partnerships, and limited partnerships) and those of the corporate forms of business. Most notable;

Cloning, Pros and Cons Essay - 2998 Words

The young couple sat in the waiting room of the doctors office with their heads hung low. They mumbled between themselves, wondering what the doctor would say at this visit. It is their ump-teenth check-up to try and figure out why they have not been able to conceive a child for the past 5 years. The woman wants with all of her heart to give birth to a child of her very own. They wondered if the doctor could do anything else to help them. Would the dream of having a baby of the couples own blood vanish? Would the doctor have any other suggestions? Is this the end of their rope, or is there another option? Only a few blocks away, at the General Hospital, lies a one-week-old girl with bronchiolitis obliterans, a disease that causes†¦show more content†¦Could people be cloned without conscious brains, so their body parts could be harvested with fewer moral worries? Could vital organs be grown using cloning without the rest of the body? (New Scientist, 2003). Could a woman clone herself or her husband to have a child? The idea of humans someday cloning themselves (created from a cell without sexual reproduction) is now closer to reality (Daniel Levine, 2001). Types of Cloning There are actually two types of cloning: reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. Reproductive cloning is making human beings asexually. In reproductive cloning, the offspring receives genetic information from one parent through a duplication process in a laboratory. DreamTech International states, All we need is a tiny swab of cell tissue from the inside of your mouth, which is used to obtain the genetic material for producing an embryo with your DNA. If you are female, you have the option of being implanted with the embryo yourself, or hiring a surrogate birther (2002). The reason for doing this process could be for a number of reasons: to prevent congenital disorders, to propagate the genes of someone who has had no children in the conventional manner, to have a specific type of offspring, or in the situation of not being able to reproduce sexually (Dream Technologies International, 2002). There is almost a universal agreement that cloning human beings is so unsafe and, to s ome, morally repugnant that itShow MoreRelatedCloning Pros And Cons Of Cloning1147 Words   |  5 Pages Cloning Pros Cons Nicole Hedrick Baker College HSC 402A /Dr. Eric Oestmann/Seminar Two Position/Argument Essayâ€Æ' Abstract A clone is where two organisms share the same exact DNA. These two organisms are the same identical replica of each other. In the past, cloning has taken place naturally. For instance, a couple who naturally conceived and gave birth to identical twins or triplets. Today, science and technology has been introduced to where cloning can intentionally be done. Some peopleRead MorePros And Cons Of Cloning1109 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is Cloning? Cloning is a number of processes that are used to create genetically identical copies of an organism. Researchers have cloned a number of biological materials, such as genes, cells, tissues and whole organisms, including sheep s and horses. Cloning can happen naturally in identical twins, but it can also be done in a lab. (Cloning Fact Sheet). Pros: . Parents with no eggs and sperm can create children that are genetically related to them. . Endangered plants and animals canRead MorePros And Cons Of Cloning1106 Words   |  5 PagesCloning is a number of processes that are used to create genetically identical copies of an organism. Researchers have cloned a number of biological materials, such as genes, cells, tissues and whole organisms, including sheep s and horses. Cloning can happen naturally in identical twins, but it can also be done in a lab. (Cloning Fact Sheet). Pros: . Parents with no eggs and sperm can create children that are genetically related to them. . Endangered plants and animals can be cloned to saveRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Human Cloning1532 Words   |  7 Pagesindividual’s perspectives, human cloning is something that I feel is unjust. Human cloning is fallacious and immoral due to lack of positive results and lack of liberty to the individual being duplicated. In this paper, I will discuss why human cloning should no longer be considered a means of reproducing and also discuss why the numbers themselves should deter someone from wanting to be cloned. As Leon R. Kass states in his article, â€Å"Cloning of human beings†, the cloning of a human being takes away fromRead MorePros And Cons Of Cloning909 Words   |  4 PagesFor quite some time, cloning has been a largely debated topic in society. Most people in the U.S. feel like cloning is morally wrong and takes innocent lives, but others think that it is beneficial and could be a big advancement in modern science. Cloning to produce humans has been outl awed in most countries, but in some, cloning for therapeutic reasons is still a dispute. Cloning can lead to revolutionary medical treatments such as cures for cancer, diabetes, Parkinsons, Alzheimers, MultipleRead MoreThe List Of Pros And Cons Of Human Cloning1624 Words   |  7 PagesThe list of Pros and cons of human cloning Summary: The necessary technology has been created, as evident in the story of Dolly the sheep. People still pose questions such as the role of God in Society. Here is a list of pros of human cloning : It could eliminate defective genes , It is considered as the logical next step in the reproductive technology, It could aid in faster recoveries from injuries, it gives a new meaning to genetic modification. As all things human cloning also has cons. Here isRead MoreThe Benefits Of Human Cloning : Pros And Cons1254 Words   |  6 PagesFor starters, cloning has said to solve the continuous problem of infertility by inserting a clone embryo into the woman’s body. This guarantees infertile couples a child, as opposed to wasting time and money on other painful and emotional procedures that don’t offer this guarantee. The next benefit offers an immense amount of growth in regenerative medicine and assists those with physical disabilities by producing clones of themselves. Wh y clone themselves if they have a disability? Scientists canRead MorePros and Cons of Cloning Humans906 Words   |  4 Pagesthe world on 23 February 1997.Soon after the announcement, the media attention was diverted by the possibility of cloning a human. Although the scientists from the Roslin Institute who had made the significant breakthrough with Dolly denied the possibility of creating human clones, the idea was still wide debated about the risks and benefits of human cloning. So, what is cloning? Cloning is a process of generating a new organism by an identical genetic copy of the original donor. The DNA of the twoRead MorePros And Cons Of Animal Cloning1277 Words   |  6 PagesAnimal Cloning Applications and Morality Concerns One fateful afternoon, a father discovers that their beloved pet kitten is deceased on the side of the roadway. The parents are worried about telling their children the sad news because they will be devastated. Luckily, the parents reach out to a company that offers animal cloning. With just a sample of the kitten’s DNA, they can produce an exact match and an identical copy that will soon replace their lost family pet. While this story demonstratesRead MoreCons And Pros Of Cloning Essay1988 Words   |  8 Pagesmost people think of cloning, they think of a scientist that uses DNA to make an exact replica of someone . Cloning is a lot more complicated and more controversial than that . According to the American Heritage Dictionary Cloning is defined as â€Å"A group of cells, or organism that is descended from and genetically identical to a common ancestor , such as a bacterial colony whose members arose from a single original cell . Ever since August,1,2001 Cloning had been banned .Cloning was banned for many

The Corrosion Effects on Reinforced Concrete Structure Reduce.

Question: Discuss about the Corrosion Effects on Civil Engg ? Answer: Introduction Corrosion effects on reinforced concrete structure reduce its durability. Corrosion of reinforces steel in concrete is not as complex as it seems rather is similar to electrochemical reaction like that of a battery. Concrete usually provides adequate protection to reinforced steel, which is due to high pH value of 12.5 of the alkaline environment that the concrete provides for protecting the steel from further corrosion (Abbas 2016). The current report evaluates the corrosion mechanism, repair measures and prevention of RCC structures discussing in details the corrosion-testing rate and any specific method with adequate details of experiment. A brief material and methodology has been included followed by application of materials and execution in this report. Finally, the report includes results that have been discussed concluding the report. Corrosion refers to the chemical process that destructs the materials due to reaction with conditions of environment. According to Aperador (2015), atmospheric corrosion causes rusting of steel and it have been observed that appreciable corrosion starts at a relative humidity exceeding 65%. Below freezing point of water, pure and dry air, corrosion does not occur. Corrosion of steel leads to serious consequences of cross-section area reduction as well as splitting and cracking over concrete. The reduction in cross-section causes reduction of load carrying capacity of concrete structures. It also causes reduction of fatigue strength and reduction of elongation properties. Corrosion in concrete occurs due to chlorides and sulphates present in reinforcement more than critical limit without obtaining sufficient alkalis within concrete for maintaining steel in a positive condition. Factors that are responsible for corroding steel reinforcement in structures of concrete are concrete quality. The fine aggregate, coarse aggregates water and cement determine concrete quality (Chen 2015). Proper water cement ratio, adequate compaction through vibration, tampering and curing along with proper mixing leads to improved quality of concrete. However if any of the processes is not followed properly, corrosion of reinforcement occurs, hence for preventing steel to corrode, dense concrete also known as high strength concrete is used. Cover thickness of concrete reinforcement also plays an important role in prevention of corrosion of reinforcement of concrete. Greater thickness of concrete provides higher degree of protection to steel from environmental conditions. Evenness of concrete also plays an important role in protection of steel from corrosion. As per Cui (2016), contamination of reinforcement with salt during placing of concrete on reinforcement also accelerates corrosion rate. Environmental chemicals or concrete secretion causes deterioration process of reinforcement and the chemical effects due to presence of chloride, carbonation, salt and sulphate reacting with tricalcium aluminate (C3A) in concrete causes the corrosion rate to increase. Hydration of cement also develops calcium hydroxide that increases pH value of to approximately 12.5 and hence a thin film of oxide is coated to the reinforcement to protect it from corrosion (Deo 2014). Porosity of concrete also plays a major role depending on degree of compaction, type of cement, concrete age and aggregate grading and size that causes chemicals aggressively penetrating the concrete to reach steels causing its corrosion. Concrete generally withstands high temperature of 1000 C beyond which concrete starts to deteriorate leading to thermal cracks. These cracks cause the steel to get exposed to environmental harshness that leads to corrosion of concrete. Colder regions causes concrete pores to freeze and the formation of ice leads to expansion of volume that consequences bursting pressure with excess pressure on the mass of concrete surrounding due to thawing and freezing condition. Corrosion rate in steel reinforcement of concrete is determined by polarization method of resistance for on-site condition. Gao (2015) commented that the test was applied for bars that are electrically connected with closer layer of the reinforcement facing the counter electrode. During electrical isolation of electrodes the rebars, irrespective of the lying reinforcements there is a measured in depths higher than 1m with testing. The test methods are used at any moment with life service of the structure as well as the kind of climate in provision of the temperature higher than 00C. Highly drying surface of concrete with a resistivity value of greater than 1000 ?m (Haamidh et al. 2016). The pre wetting of surface for concrete is necessary for maintaining the Icorr value of the obtained results. Aim of the experiment is to assess corrosion condition presently for discriminating non-corroding and corroding zones as well as evaluation of repair work affectivity. Calculation of the loss of cross section in rebars through period of propagation with provision of initiation time. Current values are also interpreted through expert personnel in evaluation and testing of the structures. Two concrete slabs are fabricated without use of admixtures adding approximately 3% of CacCl2 of the weight of cement mixing with water (Hsieh 2014). The minimum slab dimension needs to be 1.20 x 1.20 m2 by 10 cm of thickness (Huang 2017). Hence 150 x 150 x 15 cm3 is recommended for the laboratory tests with around 5 to 10 rebar s isolated for embedding having a mean for making external electrical between rebars that needs to be provided. As per Islam (2015), the measurements are taken repeatedly through placing the reference electrode at different points along the rebar and calculating the average of the results. Material/Methodology Galvanostatic pulse technique is a polarization technique, which is independent of resistance of concrete. The corrosion rate is determined through 5 10 seconds determination of half-cell potential. Galvanised pulse method (GPM) is developed based on equipment software that is developed as user interface between transient analyser response and generator of galvanostatic pulse. Transient analyser response with PSION WorkAbout handheld system provides analysis and results of the GPM performed measurements on highway-bridges that is exposed for de-icing the salts as well as other results of laboratory tests (Jayasree 2016). Galvanometric pulse method refers to a rapid non-destructive technique of polarization that has been utilized for reinforcement corrosion evaluation on site and in laboratory. Anodic pulse current within a short period has been utilized for galvanostatic reinforcement through a counter electrode which is positioned adjacent to the rebars. Application of materials/Execution Equipments used for the methods contain potentiostat and galvanostat for measuring and controlling the potential and current. Potential measuring circuit are maintained through an electrode potential within a voltage limit of 1mV having a wide range of currents that has a high impedance over 10 M ohm. Such impedance ensures that corroding systems used for measurements helps in minimizing drawn current and the sensitivity of the current circuit is in the order of 0.05A/cm2 having a sensitivity detection variations of around 0.5mV through a potential range between -1.0 V to +1.0 V (Karar 2015). A sensitivity of around 0.05 A ranging between 0.05 to 104 A is used. Auxiliary sensor having counter and references electrodes through metallic materials for producing current in most cost-effective materials for easy maintainability is used. Reference electrodes are required for obtaining RP, ref. making connections through wires externally among all rebars for reproducing reality (Kim 2017). Taking the calibrated instruments and placing Auxiliary sensors on surface of concrete provides adequate interfacial contact making connections to rebars in providing connection to whole mat. The Rp measurement is again carried out giving a proper value of ohm.cm3 through instructions of equipments in considering polarized current. The experiment is arranged as a preparatory that is necessary in measurement of corrosion rate due to weathering effects. Location of measurement is identified and selected for proper identification. Rebar is then located through proper identification and system coordinate in measurements. According to Kumar (2013), prewetting of surface of concrete preparation through auxiliary sensor fixation and placement connecting reinforcement and equipments executing measurement is also carried out. Extreme temperature forbids electronic equipments to work with extreme humidity as well as temperature. Temperature below 20C should not be allowed exceeding limits of environment hence below freezing sponge might provide unstable and misleading readings. Below 50C of temperature rate of corrosion reduces to lower values that misinterprets the data (Mao 2016). Each corrosion rate measurement reading is taken less between 1 to 5 minutes that retards actual condition of corrosion with appropriate measurement methods. Before survey starts, it is necessary for selecting location points of rates of corrosion that requires to be measured. The corrosion points depend on the available time, structural size and access. Measurements are taken at strategic locations of high and low readings from half-cell potentials of concrete resistivity. Structural importance location regarding corrosion rate measurement duration takes less than approximately 5 minutes. Steel detectors are used for actual geometry of rebar arrangements and the bar pattern is marked on concrete surface as well as cover depth that has been registered and the distance is required for calculation purpose of steel area in total that needs to be polarized. Measurements are then taken in grid with a recommended spacing of around 0.25 m having an exception on small structures or elements having severe exposure condition changes (Mascagni 2014). Prewetting of concrete surface is required prior to application of Auxiliary sensors that avoids contamination of reference electrodes with concretes alkaline substances. Clean wetted sponge between concrete surface and sensor is used for making trials on hydrophobically or coated surface. Auxiliary sensor needs to be located directly over known diameter of the rebar, which is either a crossover, or a single bar of sp ecific dimension and length. The surface being horizontal or vertical the steel area is polarized during measurement and calculations taken into account the intersection of two or more bars. Electrical connections are made between reinforcements and equipments through opening by excavation, connection or coring through steels exposed and through an attached cable to the rebar. Cleaning of rebar is necessary through using metallic brush and electrical contact avoiding several holes for having electrical networks of reinforcements. Electrical continuity needs to be maintained through steel and connection of rebars being measured. Finally, the connection needs to be verified through checking corrosion potential stability. The stability is very much essential for assuring measurement correctly of the voltage shift after application more than fluctuation between 0.5 mV for every 5 seconds interval (Reddy 2014). After measurement has been carried out until testing time completion, repetition of measurement is necessary taking into account the allowance of potential corrosion recovering the stability. Result Discussion/Conclusion A total number of 7 concrete test blocks were created using to reinforcement bars. The blocks were exposed to 40 days of chlorides and the concentrate was calculated on a regular basis by using a GPM for determining the variation of the quotation rate over time. During the end of the exposure time the blocks destroyed and the reinforcement bars work cleaned. For any kind of corrosion products, loss of weight for the reinforcement bar was determined by using Faraday's law. The weight loss correspondence to the corrosion rate on an average basis that is necessary for integrating the corrosion rate determination by GPM overtime (Singh 2016). For comparing the results it has been seen that there is a good correlation among the quotation which has been determined by the GPM and the rates being determined by the loss of weight. Weight loss GPM Description Avg. Corrosion rate A/cm2 mV vs Ag/AgCl` Avg. Corrosion rate A/cm2 Bar A 4.6 -345 3.11 Bar B 4.8 -334 2.47 Connected bar A and B 4.7 -345 5.24 Underestimation on the rate of corrosion of the bars not connected is usually due to the balance. As the base is not connected to the spirit of the guard ring, current remains limited and hence influences the confined area. Wang (2016) stated that emphasis for obtaining corrosion rate is an average rate instantaneous method which is important can find area strictly applying to the measuring conditions. Overcoming the problems becomes necessary to integration of frequent production rate measurement over time in comparison the laboratory data of the production rate determined through measurement of weight loss. Potential Range (mV Vs. Ag/AgCl) Corrosion rate Laboratory results Field measurements -325 -350 150-500 -300 -325 50-150 -275 -300 150-500 -250 -275 50-150 50-150 -225 -250 150-500 -200 -225 50-150 -175 -200 150-500 -150 -175 50-150 -125 -150 150-500 -100 -125 50-150 -75 -100 150-500 150-500 -50 -75 50-150 -25 -50 150-500 0 50-150 Results from the lottery shows highly desirable correlation among quotation rates determined my weight loss and the GPM method. Onsite quotation rates obtained by GPM are compatible to the quotation (Yaldagard 2014). Its average is calculated from the cross-sectional area loss as well as places were the coding area similar as a confined area. For predicting for a lifetime period more detail knowledge of seasonal and daily changes required for obtaining rate of corrosion is essential for a meaningful value. It is also essential for combining the rate of corrosion measurement on site having fixed mounted post personal wireless chloride sensors other non destructive methods for determining the integrity of concrete as well as rates of penetration. References Abbas, Y., Nutma, J.S., Olthuis, W. and van den Berg, A., 2016. Corrosion monitoring of reinforcement steel using galvanostatically induced potential transients.IEEE sensors journal,16(3), pp.693-698. Aperador, W., Delgado, A. and Bautista-Ruiz, J., 2015. Estimation of the Passivation of Steel Embedded in Alternative Concrete using a Galvanostatic Pulse Technique.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE,10(7), pp.5238-5248. Chen, Y., Sun, C., Huang, C., Xu, H. and Wu, J., 2015. A new multi-component composite with gamma polyglutamic acid as corrosion and scale inhibitor.Materials Research Innovations,19(sup6), pp.S6-13. Cui, Y., Lan, H.Q., He, R.Y. and Zhang, C.H., 2016. Prediction of the internal corrosion remaining life of a gas pipeline made of high-strength steel.Journal of Pipeline Engineering,15(3), pp.1-8. Deo, R.N., Birbilis, N. and Cull, J.P., 2014. Measurement of corrosion in soil using the galvanostatic pulse technique.Corrosion Science,80, pp.339-349. Gao, Y., Fan, L., Ward, L. and Liu, Z., 2015. Synthesis of polyaspartic acid derivative and evaluation of its corrosion and scale inhibition performance in seawater utilization.Desalination,365, pp.220-226. Haamidh, A., Prabavathy, S., Denny, J., Elyas, M., Dcosta, S.A., DSouza, R.D., Sahu, K., Pradhan, M.K., Aqil, L.A.K., Junaidi, M.A.R. and Kar, R., 2016. A Study on CO 2 Adsorption of Zeolite Plasters and its Effects on Durability Properties of RCC Members, Concrete Tiles and Floorings.European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology,3(5), pp.1-7. Hsieh, Y.C., Chang, L.C., Tseng, Y.C., Wu, P.W. and Lee, J.F., 2014. Structural characterizations of PtRu nanoparticles by galvanostatic pulse electrodeposition.Journal of Alloys and Compounds,583, pp.170-175. Huang, C., Xu, H., Zhang, M., Wu, J. and Huang, C., 2017. Study on Relation Between Industrial Circulating Water Conductivity And Iron Corrosion Velocity.Journal of Residuals Science Technology,14(3). pp. 2-6. Islam, M.A., 2015. Corrosion behaviours of high strength TMT steel bars for reinforcing cement concrete structures.Procedia Engineering,125, pp.623-630. Jayasree, S., Ganesan, N. and Abraham, R., 2016. Effect of ferrocement jacketing on the flexural behaviour of beams with corroded reinforcements.Construction and Building Materials,121, pp.92-99. Karar, N. and Singh, S.K., 2015. Understanding corrosion in steel reinforced concrete structures: A limited study using TOF-SIMS.Vacuum,121, pp.5-8. Kim, S., Kim, J.W. and Kim, J.H., 2017. Enhancement of corrosion resistance in carbon steels using nickel-phosphorous/titanium dioxide nanocomposite coatings under high-temperature flowing water.Journal of Alloys and Compounds,698, pp.267-275. Kumar, V., Singh, R. and Quraishi, M.A., 2013. A study on corrosion of reinforcement in concrete and effect of inhibitor on service life of RCC.Journal of Materials and Environmental Sciences,5, pp.726-731. Mao, Z., Farkhondeh, M., Pritzker, M., Fowler, M. and Chen, Z., 2016. Dynamics of a Blended Lithium-Ion Battery Electrode During Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique.Electrochimica Acta,222, pp.1741-1750. Mascagni, D.B.T., Souza, M.E.P.D., Freire, C.M.D.A., Silva, S.L., Rangel, R.D.C.C., Cruz, N.C.D. and Rangel, E.C., 2014. Corrosion resistance of 2024 aluminum alloy coated with plasma deposited aC: H: Si: O films.Materials Research,17(6), pp.1449-1465. Reddy, M.V., Jose, R., Le Viet, A., Ozoemena, K.I., Chowdari, B.V.R. and Ramakrishna, S., 2014. Studies on the lithium ion diffusion coefficients of electrospun Nb 2 O 5 nanostructures using galvanostatic intermittent titration and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.Electrochimica Acta,128, pp.198-202. Singh, D.V., Sachan, A.K. and Rawat, A., 2016. Developments in Corrosion Detection Techniques for Reinforced Concrete Structures.Indian Journal of Science and Technology,9(30), pp.23-44. Wang, J., Wang, D. and Hou, D., 2016. Hydroxyl carboxylate based non-phosphorus corrosion inhibition process for reclaimed water pipeline and downstream recirculating cooling water system.Journal of Environmental Sciences,39, pp.13-21. Yaldagard, M., Seghatoleslami, N. and Jahanshahi, M., 2014. Preparation of Pt-Co nanoparticles by galvanostatic pulse electrochemical codeposition on in situ electrochemical reduced graphene nanoplates based carbon paper electrode for oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cell.Applied Surface Science,315, pp.222-234.

Fit Zone Essay Example For Students

Fit Zone Essay These Charts provide an outline for an 8-day program (workout every-other-day). This is an intense program and you will need to experiment with amount of weight to use in the beginning. We suggest planning out a 4 week program for your first cycle. This can be increased by one or two weeks for each new cycle. We do not suggest doing a cycle any longer than 7 or 8 weeks for any given cycle. Note: Each muscle group is exercised once every 4 days. Your workouts occur on days 1, 3, 5 and 7. You do not workout on days 2, 4, 6 and 8. Repeat workout 1 on day 5, workout 3 on day seven and so on. Always strive towards increasing weight, if possible, for each succeeding Make an adequate number of charts to get through a cycle. Always start out the cycle with a lighter weight than your 5-rep maximum. The goal is to finish a cycle heavier than you finished your last cycle. We recommend doing about 10 minutes of abdominal (abs) work after each workout. If you do not have enough time to work abs, do what you can after your workout, or work them on your off-days. Set #RepetitionsWeightCompletedCommentsSet #RepetitionsWeightCompletedCommentsSeated Shoulder Press (Barbell)Set #RepetitionsWeightCompletedCommentsLying Triceps Extension (Barbell)Set #TricepsWeightCompletedCommentsSet #TricepsWeightCompletedCommentsProceed to HIT 2 (Day 3) Chart Return to Exercise Outline PageNOTICE This web-site provides information intended to be general guidelines and may not be applicable to your particular condition. There is no adequate substitution for a personal consultation with your physician whenever undertaking a new training, nutritional or supplementation program. Neither Developed Resources, any of their affiliates, or any contributors shall have any liability for the content or any errors or omissions in information provided by this Training | Nutrition | Supplements | Case-Study | On-line Magazines | Computer Info | Resources | HomeCopyright  © 1999 Developed Resources. Bibliography:

Returning TARDIS to Profitability

HoKTok, through TARDIS currently operates five thousand call boxes around Australia, which has a â€Å"small population spread across vast areas† (The Communication Law Centre, p. 2). It offers untimed calls at a fixed rate of $0.40c. This popular service, unfortunately, is no longer profitable. The key to TARDIS’s popularity is its fixed charge on untimed calls.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Returning TARDIS to Profitability specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Changing this fixed price could negatively affect consumer choice. As part of the Australian telecoms industry, TARDIS must endeavor to provide services that, â€Å"best meet the social, industrial, and commercial needs of the people of Australia† (Bolton et al, 1993, p. 32). It is recognized that telecommunication technology â€Å"continually shapes the very fabric of our global society† (Hill Associates, 2002, p. xvii). The ba sic strategy for returning TARDIS to profitability requires either, a reduction in overheads while maintaining current revenues or increase in revenues while maintaining overheads at the current levels. To attain profitability, Howard advices that, â€Å"you must first wake up to the internal rules you are currently playing by and expand you field of possibilities† (2004, p. xvii) Increasing revenues is a better way of assuring profitability compared to reducing overheads. This is because other parties set the cost of most overheads and these costs will continue to rise, eating into HoKTok’s margin. HoKTok cannot pay less for the services it consumes to run TARDIS, but will actually pay more in the future. Similarly, it cannot reduce its workforce in order to spend less on the wage bill because this may compromise service delivery and may actually end up risking the current revenues. In addition, it cannot reduce the workers’ wages without precipitating labor un rest. Baker warns that. â€Å"Labor will not permit a reduction in the standard of living† (2009, p. 5). Katz adds that many companies struggle with â€Å"how to reduce labor costs while retaining employee commitment and an appropriate skill base† (1997, p.3). While HokTok must continue to â€Å"implement various measures to lower cost† (Suzue, 2002, p. 1), it cannot rely on them to regain profitability. This should not encourage HoKTok to make cost discipline, â€Å"an incidental reaction to events† (Institute of Management and Administration, 2006, p. 3) TARDIS can return to profitability by introduction of prepaid cards, optimization of profitable segments of the market and introducing a service for call centers and telemarketing companies. Introduction of prepaid cards will secure revenue. It will lock our clients in the network and it will mean they will always have to find a TARDIS call box from which they can make their calls. The idea of being loc ked-in may not be very attractive to clients, and will require a careful marketing campaign to ensure acceptance of the cards.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Optimization of the profitable market segments means that HokTok increases the number of call boxes located in areas where clients naturally call for shorter periods such as airports, train stations, and bus stops and reduces the call boxes near schools, restaurants, and residential areas where callers talk for longer. The third option is introducing TARDIS to new clientele such as call centers and telemarketing firms whose business depend on volume of calls. Since they aim at making the most number of calls per unit time, they will provide a larger revenue base for TARDIS. In fact, it is possible to offer them lower call rates per call and break even on the assured call volumes. However, we must take into account Ret ske’s insight that, if prices are â€Å"set too low, profit opportunities will be missed† (2002, p. 172). On a priority basis, I recommend that we pursue optimization of profitable market segments. This will see TARDIS increasing the number of call boxes in areas where callers take a shorter time per call, while reducing the number of call boxes where callers take longer. No substantial investment is required to move some of the call boxes from high cost market segments to low cost market segments. We must act quickly ahead of our competitors because in the telecommunication industry, services â€Å"spring up and quickly† (Peterson, 2000, p.9). References Baker, RS 2009, The new industrial unrest: reasons and remedies. Cornell University Press, New York. Bolton et al 1993, The communication service: Negotiating structural and technological change. International Labor Organization, Geneva. Hill Associates 2002, Telecommunications: A beginner’s guide. McGra w-Hill/Osborne, California. Howard, C 2004, Turning passions into profits: Three steps to wealth and power. John Wiley and Sons, New Jersey.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Returning TARDIS to Profitability specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Institute of Management and Administration 2006, Cost reduction and control best practices: The best ways for a financial manager to save money. John Wiley and Sons, New Jersey. Katz, HC 1997, Telecommunications: Restructuring work and employment relations worldwide. Cornell University Press, New York. Peterson, KD 2000, Business telecoms systems: A guide to choosing the best technologies and services. CMP Books, New York Retske, G 2002, A guide to competitive international telecommunications. CMP Books, New York. Suzue, T 2002, Cost half: The method for radical cost reduction. Productivity Press, New York. The Communication Law Centre 2004, Australian telecommunications regu lation. University of South Wales press Ltd, Sydney. This report on Returning TARDIS to Profitability was written and submitted by user Madelyn Carver to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Little Tree Analysis Essay Example

Little Tree Analysis Essay Example Little Tree Analysis Essay Little Tree Analysis Essay Greetings from Hanoi! I hope you and everyone else is doing well back in Kuching. I presume the weather there is burning hot as usual? Or has it cooled down a bit? Anyway, the reason Im writing this letter to you is to give you an update on the latest book I read. Judging by your massive bookshelf that is overflowing with books, youre obviously an avid reader like me. So, Im hoping to convince you into reading this book, Im sure youll enjoy it! The title of the book is called Digital Fortress by Dan Brown. I know that youve read Angels and Demons as well as The Da Vinci Code. I ALSO know that you enjoyed these two books since you kept persuading me to read them, so, now its my turn. I wont spoil the book by telling the entire plot to you, but Ill tell you enough to make you interested! Lets begin, shall we? The main character of the story is Susan Fletcher. She is the Head of Cryptography in NSA. Youre obviously puzzled by this now, so, allow me to explain. The NSA, short for the National Security Agency is one of the most influential government organizations in the world. The NSAs agenda is to protect U.S government communications and to intercept the communications of foreign powers. To make it simple, this Agency specializes in intercepting emails, chats, telephone lines and etc to provide secure government communication in the event of war. People conducting illegal business of the internet could be stopped with the help of the single most expensive piece of computing equipment in the world, TRANSLTR. I wont go into too much detail about the NSA, youll just have to read it by yourself. Susan Fletcher is a brilliant, beautiful mathematician who specializes in code-breaking for the NSA. Since terrorists or dangerous governments usually encode their messages for secrecy, Susans job was to study the codes, break them by hand, and furnish the NSA with the deciphered messages. The book states many types of codes such as Julius Caesars perfect square cipher box and these codes are truly fascinating to know about! The whole story starts when Susan receives a call from the commander of NSA, Trevor Strathmore, when she was supposed to be on vacation with her fiancà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, David Becker. Apparently, David has also been occupied by some business as well. What is it? you ask. Well, Im not going to tell you. Commander Strathmore has been stumped by a program that he downloaded from the Internet, called Digital Fortress. It is apparently able to generate unbreakable codes that will put a stop to the NSA. Commander Strathmore is stunned by the results when TRANSLTR is unable to break the code to get access to Digital Fortress since it is being locked by a pass-key. The run time for the code of Digital Fortress to be broken has taken more than 15 hours, while the longest code that TRANSLTR ever broke merely took 3 hours. It is a race against time to find the pass-key before it is auctioned off to the highest bidder. Should Digital Fortress be unlocked to the rest of the world, every third-grader wi th a modem will be able to send unbreakable codes that the NSA will be unable to decode. The plot gets more complicated as Susan and Strathmore find out that the creator of Digital Fortress is found dead, but theres an accomplice that also has access to the pass-key. Each chapter keeps you on your toes and its a book thats hard to put down. Each chapter provides more shocking revelations and it gets more and more interesting. Questions will boggle your mind while the answers will only be revealed in the end. Why is David being sent to Spain? Why is being hunted down by a killer? Will they make it in time to save the NSA? What really goes on in the NSA? What really is Digital Fortress? The twist and turns in the story adds to the suspense of the story that continues to build up with each chapter. Caught in an accelerating tempest of secrecy and lies, youll see how Susan Fletcher struggles to save the agency she believes in. Will she be able to win the battle of fighting for her life? Will she be able to save the man she loves? Well, youll find out if you read the book. I highly recommend you read it. Though it sounds complicating since it deals with computers and science, the plot is much more than that. Its made up of drama, secrecy, lies, shocking truth, suspense, love and so much more. This book is an excellent heart-racing thriller and I truly enjoyed every single word of it. Trust me; I know youll enjoy it as much as I did. After all, have I ever lied to you? Well, thats all for now I guess. The next time you should do after reading this letter is to head straight to the bookshop! You know what I mean. Missing you loads and I hope youll let me know what you think of the book. Ill be back in summer to visit you and the rest of our crazy friends.

NO topic - But it's a subject about URBAN PLANNING Essay

NO topic - But it's a subject about URBAN PLANNING - Essay Example This paper will look into transportation planning, growth management, defense privileges, structural unemployment and its importance for local economic development, challenges to regional planning, and the planning differences between the USA and other nations. Transportation facilitates the movement of people and goods from one place to another. It also controls the growth and economic patterns by facilitating land access. Transportation planning identifies the vital relationship between transportation and other societal objectives. Many urban areas are faced with the problem of traffic congestion. The extensive freeways may provide different collector and express paths to split through traffic from narrow traffic, or individual high-tenure vehicle paths, either as a distinct control on the innermost road or a split roadway, to facilitate easy movement. Induced demand is brought about by reduction in the efficient transport cost instigated by the new infrastructure making movement more suitable. Trucks make up for about 10% of motor vehicles on the road. Trucks are essential to the economy and welfare of society. Business is dictated by trucking, and the logistics sector specifically relies on road transport for picking up commodities and delivering them. Other than pickup and delivery, the truck provides’ other services such as fire protection and snow removal. Growth management refers to methods utilized by the government to make certain that as the population increases their requirements are fulfilled through set up services. The services not only encompass those provided by the government. Other requirements such as the preservation of the natural environment, provision of proper and affordable facilities for accommodation and housing, deliverance of services, maintenance of monuments and museums and creation of spaces for undertaking business

Socialization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Socialization - Essay Example The U.S. has, in the space of five years, become a nation that ignores the very precepts of its founding and international law as well. Young persons that do not fully understand what freedoms they are losing and what this country originally stood for will believe that this type of activity by the government is considered acceptable. That is a frightening prospect as their generation will be more willing to continue the present trend of giving away freedoms for the sake of security until they no longer enjoy the freedoms that their forefathers intended for them and their fathers and grandfathers fought and gave their lives for. In addition, young persons in the U.S. will never have the pride in their country as did their fore-bearers because the country has lost its respect throughout the world and rightfully so. President George Bush characterized the ‘War on Terrorism’ as a prolonged battle against those that would employ terrorist actions along with the nations that enabled them. In addition, the U.S. Congress gave formal authorization to the president on September 18, 2001 to â€Å"use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons, in order to prevent any future acts of international terrorism against the United States by such nations, organizations or persons† (U.S. Code Collection, 2002). The ultimate culmination of the rhetoric and selective legal reasoning regarding the ‘War on Terror’ was Bush’s order of the U.S. military to invade both Iraq and Afghanistan, an illegal act on many fronts. According to the United States Constitution Article One, Section Eight, only Congress has the exclusive authority to declare war. Presidents do not have this authority (U.S. Constitution). However,

What is Islamophobia Is it a real concern Is it racism Essay

What is Islamophobia Is it a real concern Is it racism - Essay Example The unwanted importance given to the fear of Islam leads to dislike towards the majority of Muslims, who are moderate and secular. Besides, Islamophobia denies the feelings of moderate Muslims who consider religion and politics as different entities. Halim Rane, Jacqui Ewart, and Mohamad Abdalla state that Islamophobic expressions are either passive (inauspicious attitude) or active (discrimination) (Rane, Ewart, & Abdalla, 2010). Islamophobia forces the world community to consider Islam as the most important threat on world peace and co-operation among world religions. In addition, Islamophobia projects the aggressiveness of Islam and its ideology. At the same time, Islam is considered as a political ideology based on religious ideology. In short, Islamophobia is the enmity towards Islam and Muslims as a whole. But it leads to discrimination and marginalization of secular Muslims who are not interested in political Islam. In the United States, Islamophobia is a burning issue which leads to the discrimination of Muslim minority. But all Americans do not consider Muslims as terrorists or religious extremists. As the United States is a multi-religious society, there exists high possibility for difference in opinion on a particular issue. The 9/11 attacks resulted in the strong hatred against Islam as an extremist religion. Mahmood Mamdani states that the post 9/11 culture talk shows unwanted interest to connect terrorism and Islam (Mamdani, 17). The global spread of terrorism and religious extremism increased the scope of anti-Islamic sentiment among the people. For instance, the term ‘Camel Jockey’ is used to denote Muslims. Terrorism sponsored by the fundamentalist groups operating from the Middle East forced the Americans to consider Islam as a dangerous religion. The American war in Iran and Afghanistan ignited hatred among the Muslims. But these wars were not fought against Islam or Mu slims, but against the terrorists who are against world peace

Blood-brain Barrier and the Sodium-potassium Pump

Blood-brain Barrier and the Sodium-potassium Pump Jocelyn Brown-Eaton The blood-brain barrier and the sodium-potassium pump have many similarities and differences. Similarities include the fact that they both function to maintain a balance and that they both are selectively permeable. Differences includes the way the mechanisms carry out those functions and what kind of balance they maintain. The blood-brain barrier is a mechanism that isolates the central nervous system neurons from chemicals coming from the rest of the body. It is made up of the walls of brain capillaries that are tightly joined together, other capillaries in the rest of the body do not align themselves so close together and they do allow chemicals to pass from the blood into the areas of the body they are flowing through. In contrast, the sodium-potassium pump is a protein in the membrane of cells that helps maintains the difference of electrical charges inside and out of the cell, keeping the cell polarized along with the difference in permeability of sodium and potassium within th e rest of the membrane (Khan Academy 2010). The resting potential is maintained before an action potential arrives and then is restored when the action potential is over. Comparatively they are both maintaining balances. The blood-brain barrier is balancing chemicals and protecting the brain neurons from harmful substances since these neurons do not regenerate, but the sodium-potassium pump is keeping an ionic balance. Selective permeability is also a similarity of the two mechanisms. The blood-brain barrier is only a barrier for water soluble molecules and selectively allows lipid soluble molecules to pass, while the sodium-potassium pump only deals with sodium and potassium. The sodium-potassium pump takes in two potassium ions for every three sodium ions it pushes out. Transporter proteins control the movement of these substances. The difference is that with the blood-brain barrier there is a separate protein that actively transport the selected chemicals, while the sodium-potass ium pump is a protein in itself. There are areas of the blood-brain barrier that are more permeable than the rest in order to allow the function of those specific parts of the brain. One such area is the area postrema. The area postrema detects toxins in the body and initiates vomiting. Khan Academy. (2010). Correction to Sodium and Potassium Pump Video. [Online Video]. 11 July 2010. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ye3rTjLCvAU. [Accessed: 25 February 2017] Before an action potential arrives, there is a balance between the extracellular fluid (on the outside of the cell) and the intracellular fluid (on the inside of the cell). This difference in the electrical charge is called the membrane potential.ÂÂ   The membrane potential is created by diffusion of ions and electrostatic pressure. Diffusion refers to the process of molecules evenly distributing themselves. Molecules push away from areas that they are more concentrated in. Electrostatic pressure is the force that comes from the attraction or repulsion of ions. Positive charges repel other positive charges, negative charges repel other negative charges, and positive charges attract negative charges. The ions involved in these forces are organic anions, potassium ions, chloride ions, and sodium ions. Organic anions (A-) are negatively charged and found in intracellular fluid. These ions remain in the intracellular fluid because the membrane is impermeable to them. Potassium ions (K+) are positively charged. They try to get out of the membrane because of diffusion, there is a higher concentration of them inside than out. Electrostatic pressure, however, pushes back against them because extracellular fluid is more positively charged inevitably keeping the ions where they were. Chloride ions (Cl-) are negatively charged. They try to get into the membrane due to diffusion but electrostatic pressure keeps them where they are as well. Sodium ions (Na+) are positively charged and get pushed into the membrane due to diffusion. Unlike the other ions sodium is not pushed back by electrostatic pressure. Instead, they are attracted in because the intracellular charge is more negative. The sodium-potassium pump helps maintain the resting potential, which is on average -70 mV. The sodium-potassium pump trades three sodium ions to the outside of the cell for two potassium ions to bring into the cell. During an action potential, a signal is sent to the membrane the membran e to become more permeable to sodium ions increasing the intracellular charge. The membrane potential reaches its threshold and a depolarization spike occurs. Depolarization is when the internal polarization of the cell increases; when it gets closer to zero. Voltage dependent sodium channels, triggered by the depolarization, open allowing sodium to enter at a faster rate. At a higher level of depolarization voltage dependent potassium channels open and potassium flows away from the more positively charged interior. Voltage dependent potassium channels are less sensitive than the sodium channels are. Next sodium channels close and go into a refractory state, preventing them from opening again until the resting potential is restored. The cell goes through hyperpolarization, where the intracellular charge drops in order to get back to normal. When hyperpolarization goes lower than the resting potential it is called the undershoot. When the undershoot is reached it signals the potassiu m channels to close and resting potential is closer to normal. After that all passes the sodium potassium pumps slowly help the resting potential return and everything is back to its original state. Neurotransmitters open ion channels in two ways, directly and indirectly. Directly opening the ion channels occur when there are ionotropic receptors. When a neurotransmitter binds to an ionotropic receptor the ion channel immediately opens and let ions flow freely through. With metabotropic receptors, when a neurotransmitter binds to its binding site it starts a chain of chemical events (Carlson and Birkett, 2017). These chemical events involve the G protein being activated, which in turn activates the second messenger system. The second messenger travels to the nearby ion channel and signals it to open. Metabotropic receptors got their name because they require extra steps that uses up some of the cells metabolic energy. The important differences between ionotropic receptors and metabotropic receptors are the speed of effect and the duration of effect after their activation. Ionotropic receptors are faster because when a neurotransmitter binds to it the ion channel is opened immedi ately and triggers a postsynaptic potential. The whole process happens very quickly. Metabotropic receptors are slower because the signal to the ion channel is transferred between a sequence of different molecules to get to the ion channel and activate it. This process causes a delay in effect, they take longer to begin but they also last longer. Serotonin has both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors. All but one receptor, the 5-HT3 receptor, are metabotropic. The 5-HT3 receptor is ionotropic and it controls a chloride ion channel, therefore producing inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. This receptor plays a role in nausea and vomiting. Because ionotropic receptors act quickly, if the receptor is bound to by an agonist, which would open the ion channel, it would induce vomiting or nausea right away. An example of this would be when a person smells something rotten and immediately feels nausea. Antagonists of this receptor are used to treat the side effects of chemotherapy and radi ation treatments. Serotonin is used for mood regulation, and that happens in the metabotropic receptors. This means that the effects take longer but will last longer. If this happened rapidly then there would be no transitions between our moods. It allows the drugs for mood regulation (like SSRIs) to have compound effects and build up in our system by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin. Carlson, N. R., Birkett, M. A., (2017). Physiology of Behavior, 12th Edition. [BryteWave]. Retrieved from https://shelf.brytewave.com/#/books/9780134517858/

Injuries of Snowboarding :: Essays Papers

Injuries of Snowboarding In The Dangers of Snowboarding, told by Taikoh Dohjima the dangers of snowboarding are at high risks and bring many risks to the sport and show that many of the snowboarders have little experience. The high dangers of snowboarders has become more of a problem during the years. Snowboarders attempts for hard maneuvers are of novice snowboarders who don’t have the right equipment. â€Å"The dangers of snowboarding are becoming known, and protectors and releasable bindings are becoming more widely available†(660). The attempts snowboarders make hard maneuvers for the first time are very hard, and are shown by their accidents and injuries that happen. Snowboarders have become very popular since the 1998 Nagano Olympic games. Snowboarders have struggled with many battles with defending themselves towards the skiers. The injuries of skiers and snowboarders are caused by poor training and lack of confidence. The snowboarders are faced with many harsh conditions while learning how to snowboard. â€Å"In the year of 1989 to 1997 a poll was taken of 1500 people and it showed that skiers had more injuries than snowboarders†(657). The snowboarder injuries take place mainly in their upper body. â€Å"The types of snowboarding injuries included fractures, lacerations, dislocations, and contusions†(657). This occurs because Snowboarders have to stop themselves with their arms and upper chest area. The experts observed, â€Å"snowboarders tend to ride down the slope in a regular style (with the left side in front), so they tend to fall on their left shoulder†(659). The conditions are extremely harmful and da ngerous for the body, which also attributes to the problem. The data that has been collected is very credible for snowboarders and skiers such as â€Å"the poll/questionnaire where the patients name, age, sex, location, and slope grade, snow condition, experience and the mode of injury†(Taikoh 657-658). The majority of accidents that happen on the slopes are from novice skiers and snowboarders. The lack of experience the snowboarders show poor training. The accidents on the slopes are caused during the beginning trial of starting to learn how to snow board or ski down mountains. Snowboarding has become a very popular sport throughout the years, many skiers are moving towards snowboarding because it’s different and it becomes a challenge.

Modern history of Dubai

One of seven semi-autonomous provinces within the United Arab Emirates called Dubai has turned out to be a lifting force in the Middle East. Half a centaury ago Dubai was merely a focal point were a few thousand weather afflicted people somehow pushed and pulled their life in front roll uping picking day of the months, plunging for pearls, or sailing in wooden dhows to merchandise with Iran and India, Dubai was every bit hapless as any small town in Somalia or the Sudan. It was in 1971 the six provinces viz. Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Dubai, Ajman, Umm al-Quwain, and Fujairah were united. And in1972 Ras Al-Khaimha joined the fusion, The United Arab Emirates ( UAE ) were therefore officially established with declaration from H.H Sheikh Zayed that the UAE was established as an Independent State with the purpose of keeping Independence, stableness and co-operation. Dubai has a alone new exciting narrative of more than 50 old ages. The metropolis has emerged from a hapless fishing small town to the fastest turning metropolis in the universe. Traveling back to the history, instruction was given precedence in the different Emirates prior to the alliance. The Emirate of Dubai started educating it kids in 1954. A few facts about the simplest rudimentss of the state are work forces out figure adult male in the male to female ratio of the state. All university tuitions are paid for by the provinces. All books stationary and study stuffs provided free of charge to the pupil. If the pupil works and surveies, he/she is paid the wage for the occupation. From this, the concern and substructure success narrative of Dubai is non difficult to set up. ‘In the 1990s the three fastest turning metropoliss in the universe were Dublin, Las Vegas and Dubai. This has accelerated in the twenty-first century with 23 % population growing in Dubai in the past four old ages. The present existent estate roar is obvious plenty, peculiarly in the Jebel Ali-Dubai corridor. Today Dubai is the trading, concern and progressively fiscal hub of the Middle East, and for parts of Africa, the CIS and even the Indian subcontinent. It ‘s a huge backwoods for such a little topographic point ‘ ( Peter J. Cooper 2006 ) . In the 1970s oil wealth turned the UAE from a desert land to a modern city, and its swayers took a acute involvement in this development. Not for them the idling and corruptness that afflicted some states blest with oil wealth. While the oil wealth can be considered as one of the grounds for the growing of Dubai, there are besides other factors which could be considered as the cardinal factors in developing the metropolis province to be one of the best in the universe. In Dubai the late Sheikh Rashid developed his bantam emirate into a trading hub with the timely development of port substructure and a impulsive aspiration to put oil wealth back into the local economic system. Again this was aggressively at discrepancy with the policy of puting oil wealth abroad pursued in many states ( Peter J. Cooper 2006 ) . In a yet another move towards the success, Dubai was to go the concern and commercial hub of the Middle East. The Dubai Government and the taking local households invested even more into the physical substructure of the emirate and pursued more and more ambitious programs. ‘Surprisingly, to many perceivers, most of them succeeded, normally better than expected. Possibly it was because the Government could move resolutely, extinguishing red-tape and shortening the planning procedure to a simple ‘build it there ‘ determination by the CEO of Dubai Inc. as Sheikh Mohammed is frequently known ‘ ( Peter J. Cooper 2006 ) .The Modern History of Dubai in BriefWithin recorded history, Dubai started as a fishing small town likely some clip in the eighteenth century. It was a dependence of the sheikdom of Abu Dhabi and its dwellers were likely largely Bani Yas. In 1833 a group of about 800 people of the Al Bu Falasah subdivision of the Bani Yas seceded from Abu Dhabi and settled in Dubai. The leaders of the hegira, Ubaid bin Saeed and Maktoum bin Buti, remained joint leaders until the decease of the former in 1836. Maktoum bin Buti ruled until he died in 1852, set uping the dynasty of the Al Maktoum swayers in Dubai. Maktoum and most of his replacements normally followed a policy of good apprehension with the British governments in the Arabian Gulf ( DTCM 2005 ) . The existent history of Dubai begins in 1930 when colony started and began impulses in growing. At that clip neighbouring Sharjah was the chief trading Centre on the Trucial Coast, and for the remainder of the nineteenth century Dubai was merely a pearling small town with a merchandiser community. In fact there were three distinguishable colonies around the Creek and one of them called Bur Dubai was an Arab fishing small town on the western side. ‘The Dubai Creek provided one of the few safe anchorages along the southern seashore of the Arabian Gulf and served as a oasis for dhows despite its risky entryway. It was the starting and finishing point for pearling expeditions which, until the innovation of civilized pearls in the 1930s, formed the chief portion of the economic system after the 1820 British understanding prevented ship-building. The bend of the nineteenth century was considered the aureate age of the pearl industry. Three 1000 vass were employed in the trade, go for thing seaport in May and non returning until mid-September. Fishing, excessively, was an of import business. The Arabian Gulf ‘s warm and shallow Waterss supported a broad assortment of marine life and dhows were built on the foreshore of Dubai Creek ‘ ( DTCM 2005 ) . Dubai had sufficiently grown to pull colonists from the 3rd universe states viz. India, Iran and Baluchistan and so on. The bend of twentieth century saw Dubai going popular in the modern concern universe as safe and comfortable port. Dubai was really speedy to set up itself as a natural Eden for merchandisers as the installations for trade and free endeavors were great. ‘Meanwhile a booming Indian population was settling in Dubai and was peculiarly active in the stores and back streets of the souq. In fact a major factor in the growing of Dubai in the early post-war old ages was the re-export of gold to India. The cosmopolite ambiance and air of tolerance began to pull other aliens excessively. Some old ages subsequently the British made their Centre on the seashore, set uping a political bureau in 1954 ‘ ( DTCM 2005 ) . However, being the most developed country in the part did non merely supply for the equal substructure of Dubai. In malice of the repute Dubai had by the center of the twentieth century, the metropolis merely did non hold adequate roads, electricity, cloacas or telephone. The substructure edifice had started in Dubai even before the find of oil in 1969, but one time the gross from the oil began to flux in the edifice procedure gained impulse. ‘Trade remained the foundation of the metropolis ‘s wealth, whilst other undertakings were developed over the following 20 old ages. The airdrome became one of the busiest in the country, a big dry-dock composite was developed, the largest unreal port in the universe was built at Jebel Ali and Dubai Aluminum Company ( DUBAL ) , which has become one of the emirate ‘s largest non-oil related industry, came on-line in 1979 ‘ ( DTCM 2005 ) .Economic Sustainability through Tourism Industry‘In the 1980s and early 1990s, D ubai took a strategic determination to emerge as a major international-quality touristry finish. Investings in touristry substructure have paid off handsomely over the old ages. Dubai is now a metropolis that boasts matchless hotels, singular architecture and first amusement and featuring events ‘ ( Government f Dubai 2010 ) . Dubai has undergone modernisation and urbanisation since the 1960s when the country was described as one of waste coastlands mostly populated by mobile folks where the lone businesss were angling and pearling ( Clements, 1998 ) . The inside informations of Dubai ‘s tourer reachings right from the twelvemonth 1982 shows the fact that the metropolis has turned out to be one of the fastest turning finishs. Stability in economic, societal and political spheres is indispensable for touristry as terrible perturbation and volatility will discourage many tourers, investors and the industry of circuit operators and travel agents in bring forthing states. Dubai is portion of the UAE and conditions there are shaped by both federation and emirate authoritiess ( Joan C. Henderson 2006 ) . ‘Income from oil made Abu Dhabi the economic human dynamo and moneyman of the federation, supplying the smaller emirates with a criterion of life and grade of security that would otherwise be unavailable to them. The other emirates meanwhile provide Abu Dhabi with a demographic and geographic corporate strength that it would miss moving entirely ‘ ( EIU, 2005a, p. 5 ) . Dubai now began to move as the fiscal and commercial link of Gulf. The successful economic returns from the investing made on touristry in any state depend on the convenience of conveyance chiefly the entree through air. Dubai has do ne every thing to be an air conveyance hub. The place air hose company called emirates flies really long routes to about all the states and finishs of the universe. The company helps to convey tourer from the far off topographic points such as 15 hr mob to Sao Paulo, so 17 hr trips to Los angels and San Francisco, so the 14 hr flight to Sydney. It besides flies to most of the major metropoliss in Europe which provides Dubai with a batch of tourers. It flies to all the major metropoliss to Africa, Middle East and South Asia. Most significantly all this mobs are being highly profitable ( Jim Krane 2009 ) . A US $ 4.1 billion upgrading is afoot which will enable the airdrome to manage 40 million riders by 2010 and 100 million by 2025 ( Matthews, 2003 ) . Owning the largest Arab Airline Emirates has made it possible for the authorities of Dubai to win in developing and keeping stable inputs to its economic system. ‘Accounts of Dubai normally comment on the fondness of functionaries and developers for the pretentious, which is manifest in adjustment undertakings and attractive forces such as the US $ 5 billion Dubailand subject park. This will busy two billion square pess of land and take 15 old ages to finish under the auspices of the Dubai Tourism Development Company ( DTDC ) , an operating arm of the Dubai Development and Investment Authority ( DDIA ) . The declared intent is to do Dubai the ‘ultimate merriment and leisure Centre of the Middle East ‘ augmenting the supply of indoor attractive forces, which are independent of conditions and have all twelvemonth round e ntreaty to multiple markets, non least households with kids. In another illustration, Ski Dubai opened in 2005 within the Mall of the Emirates, reportedly the largest shopping infinite outside of the USA, and sells skiing and snow related chases in a ‘winter wonderland ‘ of sub-zero temperatures. The Crown Prince has said that merely 10 % of his visions for Dubai have been enacted, connoting other such ambitious ventures are likely ‘ ( Joan C. Henderson 2006 ) .An Unparallel WorkforceAnother ground for Dubai to be on the top in footings of infrastructural growing and development is its odd work force which gets the least part from the locale flock. ‘Numbers may be keys to the nature of Dubai ‘s work force and its economic system. Harmonizing to a 2005 authorities study, 97.13 per cent of Dubai ‘s entire labour force is foreign. The 2nd figure – largely likely unknown – is the per centum of those foreign workers who have come to see D ubai as place or would wish to do it their lasting place. Many of these exiles came to Dubai 15 to 20 old ages ago for a biennial stretch, liked it and stayed. The 3rd figure, besides from the authorities, is that merely five per cent of Emiratis are employed in the private sector ‘ ( Rod Monger 2007 ) . Almost every one in a company, get downing from the administrative degree to the last 1 on the lower degree labour, is imported and the positive facet of this phenomenon is the advantage Dubai gets on modeling its work force in a manner the metropolis needed with the lowest cost. At the same clip, the work force of Dubai is an enthusiastic batch, it turning in footings of trueness and committedness, in malice of the fact that they are treated with substandard installations for the cost control ( Jim Krane 2009 ) . This committedness had played an of import portion in doing the metropolis look one of the best finishs in the universe.Building LandmarksThe Chicago Beach Hotel, wh ich continuously recorded 80 % tenancy in back-to-back old ages, was a money doing machine in Dubai in 1990s. British technology house called W.S Atkins forwarded a proposal for another beachfront hotel to be named as the Jumeirah Beach Hotel. The company was given permission to continue with the undertaking which had to include a tower excessively on blessing. The company has hired an designer named Tom Wright who barely had any experience in edifice hotels. But every bit thoughtful as he is Tom new that the Sheikh needed something tall and iconic, discoursing on this construct he came up with a elephantine arch in the Islamic manner. Sketching it out, the drawings showed a immense canvas shaped edifice of 1300 pess tall, ‘jutting from the sea floor waves lapping at its base. The edifice leaned over the sea and a overseas telegram auto ran from shore to its extremum. The other entree came from an submarine tunnel. The construction was more Iconic than demanded but it was impo ssible. Wright straightened it up moved it from seafloor to a little adult male made island and traded the overseas telegram auto for helipad. A causeway span replaced the tunnel. They scaled back the tallness to a 1000 pess ‘ ( Jim Krane 2009 ) . The work began in 1994. When people thought of it as a new Beach Hotel, to the Sheikh the iconic edifice was much more than that. The tower was the symbol of his pride as an Arab. The edifice was to be ‘The Tower of the Arab'- Burj Al Arab. The budget was unlimited, even when Sheikh Mohammad knew that the hotel will ne'er pay for itself. He ne'er let that range of net income spasm the construct of Burj Li Arab. The thought of turn uping the edifice on a semisynthetic island was thought over once more by the Sheikh. He imagined it both on island and mainland. The Island was much more clip consuming and dearly-won where as there was nil unique about it is being located in the mainland. At last Sheikh opted for it to be in the Island ( Kim Krane 2009 ) . By 1999 Burj was a admiration around the universe. The sight of the blue and white tower is a mind-bending sight. Burj Al Arab turned out to be precisely what the tribal sheik Mohammad wanted an icon easy recognizable. Burj attrac ted quiet a batch of tourer who would pass extravagantly. Furthermore, a genius series of publicity followed like Andre Agassi and Roger Federer were found whaming fusillades on the helipad. Subsequently on Tiger Woods drove ball from the same topographic point. Tourism made up about a one-fourth of the metropolis ‘s economic system $ 8 billion in 2006. The Emirates purpose is to host about 15 million tourers a twelvemonth by 2015 ( Tim Krane 2009 ) . Though the economic scenario at big indicates that end may fall a small short of. The growing and success of Dubai is undeniable.Burj DubaiThere was already a manus full degree Fahrenheit edifice and a formidable substructure when the Burj Dubai undertaking came up. But the Wlter Landors believed in their ain guiding rule that â€Å" Merchandises are made in the mill, but trade names are made in the head. † At this point, the â€Å" merchandise † did n't be. Still they invited prospective bidders to see the trade na me. ‘They fashioned a multisensory presentation Centre, wrote books and designed web sites, had invitations etched, aromas con ­cocted, and parties thrown. A blaze Dubai Sun eventually rose on the first twenty-four hours for flat commands. There was no 2nd twenty-four hours. In less than 24 hours, every apartment-to-be was spoken for, sacking more than half a billion dollars. Even by the judicious criterions of the part, the stigmatization of the Burj Dubai was away to an exceeding start ‘ ( Landor 2008 ) . Emmar had it in head through the undertaking of Burj Dubai non merely the metropolis but the full part which is frequently neglected by the media, was traveling to be in the spotlight. There was a sophisticated additive attack that was extended into a comprehensive design manner to reenforce the trade name ‘s construct of pre-eminence. The word grade, typography, expression and feel, voice and imagination, and even color pallet reflect prestigiousness. In cont rast to the extraordinary golds and bright colourss prevalent in other Dubai premier develop-ments, Landor chose unostentatious tones repeating the edifices ‘ coatings of chromium steel steel and aluminium and put them off with a crisp green speech pattern inspired by the carpenters ‘ degrees found in the custodies of 100s of designers, applied scientists, and craftspeople constructing the tower ( Landor 2008 ) . The undertaking fundamentally was a multi-use development tower with a entire floor country of 460,000 square metres that includes residential, hotel, commercial, office, amusement, shopping, leisure, and parking installations. The undertaking was designed to be the centrepiece of the big graduated table Burj Dubai Development that rises into the sky to an unprecedented tallness that exceeds 700 metres and that consists of more than 160 floors ( Ahmad Abdelrazaq 2008 ) . At the bend of the century no 1 truly had thought about such a building. Coming from a metropolis were the building industry was in the babyhood, the Burj Dubai undertaking has shown to the universe that tall edifice system development is ever straight related to the latest developments in stuff engineerings, structural technology theories, wind technology, seismal technology, computing machine engineerings, and building methods. The Burj Dubai undertaking capitalizes on promotions in these engineerings, progressing the development of ace tall edifices and the art of structural technology ( Ahmad Abdelrazaq 2008 ) .The Booming Growth Is Boosted.In the twelvemonth 2000, the Burj Al Arab was already being a host to the excited affluent tourer from around the universe. The Arab state was still overwhelmed in the astonishing aesthetics of the new building, the universe witnessed one of its toughest times. The economic system at big shuddered under heavy recessions. The money firing dotco m companies ran out of hard currency and went out of concern. Gulf foreign investors were keeping crumbling assets and in the West and around the universe. Adding to the economic back bead of the US, 19 Arabs crashed riders jets into the World Trade Centre, Pentagon and a field in Pennsylvania. This caused the US stock market a further down slide. The freshly elected president George W. Bush who found himself in the white house with disputed elections consoled the people America stating the terrorists might hold been successfully shaken the foundations of some of the mightiest constructions in the United provinces, but they would ne'er win in agitating the foundations of the mightiest state on the face of the Earth. Still the fact remains true that the state has non yet abated the fright and economic concern the September 11 onslaught has brought upon the state. The station September 11 United States was non an ideal topographic point for puting every bit far as the Arabs were conce rned. On the contrary, in Dubai, September 11 onslaught started the beginning of the old ages long economic roar. In fact the onslaught played a function in hiking this economic investing and viability in the gulf part. The fury toward Arabs in America increased and the state fought many wars after. The Arabs who had invested in US pulled back one million millions of dollars and direct back to their Home state. No 1 was interested and dared to put in state which was at war. Cash poured into Dubai, as the studies say before September 11 onslaughts every bit much as $ 25 billion a twelvemonth was put into US investing. Where as, the figures came down to merely $ 1.2 billion between 2001 and 2003. Most of the losing money has been made to play itself in Dubai where the potency was felt to be really high. Further, in 2001 Dubai ‘s urban country was a narrow strip along the sea shore. By 2008 Dubai was about every bit large as Huston. With adult male made Island lifting from the sea and buildings sprawling deep into the desert.The Two Fold Advantage of Dubai ‘s labour market OutsourcingDubai is non a metropolis with huge industrial substructure. This diverse multicultural metropolis has an international community of about 1.5 million people from about 170 states. This committed work force contributes to the turning economic system which chiefly derives from trade, fabrication and chiefly touristry. The scheme of labour market outsourcing helps th e 3rd universe states merely as it help their ain state. When many rich states claim to be in the concern of economic development, they seldom allow hapless states to play by the same regulations that richer states use to advance growing. Above all, traveling back to the beauty and singularity of Dubai, Dubai is a modern costal metropolis located at the bosom of the Middle East. It is capturing and sophisticated ; ‘the beautiful Burj Al Arab hotel presiding over the coastline of Jumeira beach is the universe ‘s lone hotel with a seven star evaluation. The Emirates Towers are one of the many constructions that remind us of the commercial assurance in a metropolis that expands at a singular rate. Standing 350 metres high, the office tower is the tallest edifice in the Middle East and Europe. Dubai besides hosts major international featuring events. The Dubai Desert Classic is a major halt on the Professional Golf Association circuit. The Dubai Open, an ATP tennis tourney, and the Dubai World Cup, the universe ‘s richest Equus caballus race, pull 1000s every twelvemonth ‘ ( Government of Dubai 2010 ) .MentionsAhmad Abdelrazaq ( 2008 ) Brief on Construction Planning of the Burj Dubai Project Ã¢â‚¬Ë œ CTBUH 8th universe Congress.Clements F. ( 1998 ) . United Arab Emirates. Clio Press: Oxford.DTCM ( 2005 ) , Dubai-Modern History ; Dubai Department of Tourism and Commerce Marketing.EIU. 2005a. United Arab Emirates Country Profile 2005. The Economist Intelligence Unit: London.Government of Dubai ( 2010 ) Dubai History ; The official Portal of Dubai Government hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dubai.ae/en.portal? subject, Article_000240,0, & A ; _nfpb=true & A ; _pageLabel=homeJoan C. Henderson ( 2006 ) Tourism in Dubai: Get the better ofing Barriers Destination Development Nanyang Business School, Nanyang technological University. Singapore.Peter J. Cooper ( 2006 ) , Why Dubai? : Anatomy of a Business Success narrative. AME Info ; the Ultimate Middle East Business resource.Jim Krane ( 2009 ) The Story of the universe ‘s Fastest City: Atlantic ISBN 9781848870086 Landor ( 2008 ) Burj Dubai the Building of an Icon ; Landor Associates, April 2008.Mathews N. 2003. Expansion flin g: airdromes in the Middle East will be constructing new tracks and terminuss through 2015. Aviation Week and Space Technology 159 ( 22 ) : 42.Rod Monger ( 2007 ) Sculpting Dubai ‘s Workforce ; Special to Gulf News hypertext transfer protocol: //gulfnews.com/business/features/sculpting-dubai-s-workforce-1.171750

Discuss attitudes to love + marriage in Pride and Prejudice essays

Discuss attitudes to love + marriage in Pride and Prejudice essays Set in late 18th Century Regency England, Pride and Prejudice is the portrait of the struggles of women finding the inevitable husband and of a society that believes in male superiority. Through Elizabeth Bennets lively intelligence and desire in finding a man she truly loves there is the contrast of her best friend, Charlotte Lucas marrying for convenience. Austen depicts the views of love and marriage in a time that matrimony to a gentleman of wealth was the goal of most womens lives: A ladys imagination is very rapid; it jumps from admiration to love, from love to matrimony in a moment. We can see the importance of marriage from the start of the novel, Its influence over the characters and events of the novel is hinted at in the ironic opening sentence: It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. Through Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen portrays the commonly held beliefs about marriage at the time. She does this through her use of characters and their individual views on marriage and love. Societys view of marriage is evident through the many characters who express monetary views of the sacred institution. She uses Elizabeth Bennet to show the contrast between marriage for love and marriage of the era. Elizabeth Bennets views were very much disregarded at that time. Jane Austen uses this contrast to show happiness is more often found in Elizabeth Bennets idealistic views than in taking a chance with a man of good fortune. Elizabeth Bennets idealistic views are that she wants to marry for love. Many girls may feel similarly to Elizabeth Bennet but in the serial climate of the time of Pride and Prejudice, if a good marriage was offered she would accept. For example, Charlotte Lucas. Charlotte Lucas is the eldest child ...

Uranium in a Nutshell

Uranium in a Nutshell Uranium is an extremely heavy metal, but instead of sinking into the Earths core it is concentrated on the surface. Uranium is found almost exclusively in the Earths continental crust, because its atoms dont fit in the crystal structure of the minerals of the mantle. Geochemists consider uranium one of the incompatible elements, more specifically a member of the large-ion lithophile element or LILE group. Its average abundance, over the whole continental crust, is a bit less than 3 parts per million. Uranium never occurs as bare metal; rather, it most often occurs in oxides as the minerals uraninite (UO2) or pitchblende (partially oxidized uraninite, conventionally given as U3O8). In solution, uranium travels in molecular complexes with carbonate, sulfate and chloride as long as the chemical conditions are oxidizing. But under reducing conditions, uranium drops out of solution as oxide minerals. This behavior is the key to uranium prospecting. Uranium deposits mainly occur in two geologic settings, a relatively cool one in sedimentary rocks and a hot one in granites. Sedimentary Uranium Deposits Because uranium moves in solution under oxidizing conditions and drops out under reducing conditions, it tends to gather where oxygen is absent, such as in black shales and other rocks rich in organic material. If oxidizing fluids move in, they mobilize the uranium and concentrate it along the front of the moving fluid. The famous roll-front uranium deposits of the Colorado Plateau are of this type, dating from the last few hundred million years. The uranium concentrations are not very high, but they are easy to mine and process. The great uranium deposits of northern Saskatchewan, in Canada, are also of sedimentary origin but with a different scenario of much greater age. There an ancient continent was deeply eroded during the Early Proterozoic Era some 2 billion years ago, then was covered by deep layers of sedimentary rock. The unconformity between the eroded basement rocks and overlying sedimentary basin rocks is where chemical activity and fluid flows concentrated uranium into orebodies reaching 70 percent purity. The Geological Association of Canada has published a thorough exploration of these unconformity-associated uranium deposits with full details of this still-mysterious process. At roughly the same time in geologic history, a sedimentary uranium deposit in present-day Africa actually grew concentrated enough that it ignited a natural nuclear reactor, one of Earths neatest tricks. Granitic Uranium Deposits As large bodies of granite solidify, the trace amounts of uranium become concentrated in the last bits of fluid left. Especially at shallow levels, these may fracture and invade surrounding rocks with metal-bearing fluids, leaving veins of ore. More episodes of tectonic activity can concentrate these further, and the worlds largest uranium deposit is one of these, a hematite breccia complex at Olympic Dam in South Australia. Good specimens of uranium minerals are found in the final stage of granite solidification- the veins of large crystals and unusual minerals called pegmatites. There may be found cubic crystals of uraninite, black crusts of pitchblende and plates of uranium-phosphate minerals such as torbernite (Cu(UO2)(PO4)2Â ·8–12H2O). Silver, vanadium and arsenic minerals are also common where uranium is found. Pegmatite uranium is not worth mining today, because the ore deposits are small. But they are where the good mineral specimens are found. The radioactivity of uranium affects the minerals around it. If you are examining a pegmatite, these signs of uranium include blackened fluorite, blue celestite, smoky quartz, golden beryl and red-stained feldspars. Also, chalcedony that contains uranium is intensely fluorescent with a yellow-green color. Uranium in Commerce Uranium is prized for its enormous energy content, which can be harnessed to generate heat in nuclear reactors or unleashed in nuclear explosives. The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and other international agreements govern traffic in uranium to ensure that it is used only for civilian purposes. World trade in uranium amounts to more than 60,000 metric tons, all of it accounted for under international protocols. The largest producers of uranium are Canada, Australia and Kazakhstan. The price of uranium has fluctuated with the fortunes of the nuclear power industry and the military needs of various countries. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, large stores of enriched uranium have been diluted and sold as nuclear fuel under the Highly Enriched Uranium Purchase Agreement, which kept prices low through the 1990s. As of about 2005, however, prices have been climbing and prospectors are out in the field again for the first time in a generation. And with renewed attention on nuclear power as a zero-carbon energy source in the context of global warming, it is time to become familiar again with uranium.

Analytical Report on the core reasons for the dilution of the Assignment

Analytical Report on the core reasons for the dilution of the Singaporean spirit in youths and for them being uncomfortable in t - Assignment Example The most recent estimates place foreigners claiming at least 40 percent of the Singaporean labor force and more than a quarter of the 5 million residents registered in Singapore. (Chong 2010, p. 145) This phenomenon is not entirely surprising and is actually demonstrated in the experiences of countries who have adopted the same strategy – that of actively attracting immigration and pursuing foreign workers. The resulting multiculturalism and plurality in their respective societies have generated problems especially for native citizens. The seemingly universal consequence of this phenomenon is explained by the following perceptions: It is believed that the influx of foreign immigrants would mean less political and economic opportunities for the native citizens; Immigration erodes traditions and a nation’s way of life; Language and other cultural artifacts are endangered; Immigration would lead to a lowered quality of life, low standards in education, and so forth. (Hirsc hman, Kasinitz and DeWind 1999, p. 394) Most of the concerns that have been outlined above are actually valid. For instance, the sheer number of foreign residents in Singapore can hold hostage the government with regards to some policy issues by simply refraining to work. An excellent example is when a group of 100 Bangladeshi migrant workers gathered outside Singapore’s labour ministry, protesting for the release of their severance salary. (Reuters 2009) The protesters were not arrested and no further reports were made as to what the government did especially given the fact that Singapore has strict laws against this kind of activities. Writing for Temasek Review, a Singaporean, Fang Zhi Yuan (2010), questioned this development, stating: â€Å"Singaporeans will be wondering why the foreign workers are not arrested for assembly in a public area which can potentially lead to social unrest and disorder while the government and media often kick up a ruckus over a couple of loca ls committing the same deed.† The political consequence of having a sizable number of constituents that come from elsewhere is indeed a threatening prospect for Singaporeans. This is also true in other areas such as the economic and cultural. The prevailing opinion is that these mass of foreign workers brought with them an equally sizable coterie of customs, beliefs, culture, point of view and so forth that could potentially clash with the native’s own. On the other hand, it is also important to underscore that some adverse reactions and perceptions towards immigration or the government’s policy to invite more foreign workers are misplaced. For instance, there is the myth about the damage to economic opportunities for Singaporean. As Senior Minister Goh Chok Tong, in his speech at the NTU Students Union Ministerial Forum last October 2010, foreign labor is crucial in the overall health of Singapore’s economy. Then, there are also the misconceptions about m ulticulturalism.

The Sales Related Issues of Thorntons PLC Term Paper

The Sales Related Issues of Thorntons PLC - Term Paper Example The industry in which the company operates is very competitive and apt strategies are needed to gain a competitive advantage over other firms. For this purpose a situational analysis will be conducted taking into account both micro-environment and macro-environment. Finally, a SWOT analysis of the company will be conducted in order to understand the present position of the company and the external factors that can benefit or hurt the company in the future. This section will include a commentary on the most important factors of the macro-environment in the chocolate industry. Political The political environment of the United Kingdom is relatively stable. The company does not have to worry about the problems of a turbulent political environment that are prevalent in developing markets. There are although specific regulations regarding marketing of food items that the company has to abide by at all times. In order to prevent childhood obesity, the government is looking to reduce chocola te sizes and that will affect the company (Daily Mail UK, 2009). Regulations such as these can affect a change in production, marketing, and distribution strategy of the company. Economical Economic conditions of the United Kingdom are not ideal and the country is still feeling jolts from the economic recession of 2008. But still, the situation of the chocolate industry is considerably better compared to other industries. The industry has been able to survive the recession and, opposite to other industries, has shown growth as well (Piercy, Cravens, & Lane, 2010). Although the chocolate industry is generally regarded as one of those industries that were able to survive the recession, Hull city’s economic conditions are not good which may not be good news for the chocolate industry. The unemployment level in the city is higher than the country average (Hull City Council, 2011). This is not a good sign for the chocolate companies operating in the region. Socio-cultural The cult ure of gift giving at Christmas is the main reason behind the increase in sales of chocolates in this season.